Knowledge Database | Blogpost directory

Here the overview of our THAUMATEC Blogposts inclusive the assignment to the Blogpost types

  • HealthTech Industry Updates
  • HealthTech Knowledge Guide
  • IOT Technology and Experience
  • Thaumatec

and inside HealthTech Industry Updates the HealthTech Industry Blogpost topics and domains

  • HealthTech Trends and Reports
  • MedTech Regulation Impact
  • Telehealth
  • Smart Digital Healthcare
  • Smart Devices and Wearables
  • Robots and AI for Health

to navigate better through the whole Data Base Blogpost material.

Most recent articles/posts are on the bottom of every chapter/block.

HEALTHTECH INDUSTRY UPDATES

HealthTech Trends and Reports

MedTech Regulation Impact

Telehealth

Smart Digital Healthcare

Smart Devices and Wearables

Robots and AI for Health

HEALTHTECH KNOWLEDGE GUIDE

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-whats-the-difference-between-telehealth-and-remote-patient-monitoring/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-what-is-quadruple-aim/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-what-are-the-healthtech-technology-areas/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/thaumatec-knowledge-guide-an-introduction-to-healthtech/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-industry-update-scientific-articles-about-wearable-technology-in-healthtech/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-industry-update-what-are-medical-deserts-and-how-can-technology-alleviate-them/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/5-things-you-need-to-know-about-wearable-medical-devices/

/https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-healthtech-standard-highlights-mdr-iso/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-healthtech-standard-highlights-iec-fda/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/knowledge-data-base-europe-healthcare-systems-and-reimbursement/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/knowledge-database-medical-reimbursement-in-eu/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/knowledge-database-the-right-iot-operating-system-for-your-iot-product/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/knowledge-database-biometrics-in-computer-vision-systems/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/knowledge-database-test-test-automation-different-types-and-measures-overview/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-what-you-should-know-about-clinical-trials/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-what-are-stem-cells-and-what-they-do/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-the-promise-of-precision-medicine/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-questions-about-the-fda-answered/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-barrier-free-software/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-digital-health-and-iomt/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-what-is-ris-pacs-dicom-and-mip/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/healthtech-knowledge-guide-understanding-the-working-of-embedded-iot-medical-devices/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/thaumatec-knowledge-guide-flex-pcbs-in-medical-device-applications/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/thaumatec-knowledge-guide-how-does-vagus-nerve-stimulation-work/

IOT TECHNOLOGY AND EXPERIENCE

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/interview-with-pawel-adamek-qa-in-thaumatec-tech-group/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/iot-wireless-the-rise-of-connectivity-diversity-and-choice/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/different-radio-access-methods/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/bluetooth-low-energy-direction-finding/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/iot-and-the-importance-of-strategic-differentiation/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/iot-and-the-importance-of-operational-effectiveness/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/3-categories-why-iot-projects-fail-to-live-up-to-their-promise/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/how-ai-implementation-will-influence-thaumatec-interview-with-michal-zgrzywa-director-of-ai-thaumatec/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/rustfest/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/a-classic-snake-game-in-rust/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/ignite-2019-reveals-new-azure-synapse/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/how-iot-will-change-in-the-upcoming-years/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/yocto-fundamentals/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/less-talked-about-but-still-great-rust-features/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/meet-thaumatec-during-cloudfest-in-germany/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/whats-new-in-the-things-network-what-we-saw-during-ttn-conference/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/our-thoughts-on-ecs-2018/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/hawkish-on-risc-v/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/lwm2m-fundamentals/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/programming-atari/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/lora-distance-world-record-702-km/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/iot-connected-prototypes-overview-and-experience/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/technological-history-women-who-changed-the-tech-world/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/blogpost-draft-3-reasons-why-iot-healthtech-projects-fail/

THAUMATEC

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/10-steps-to-successfully-start-international-cooperation/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/from-team-projects-conference-to-a-job-in-thaumatec/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/developers-dedicated-travel-agency/

https://thaumatec.com/knowledge/blog-posts/top-100-smartest-cities-in-the-world-wroclaw-ranks-in-95/

Thaumatec HealthTech Industry Update | Endoscopic Devices Advances, Trends and Market

Medical technology is shaping the future of healthcare, which includes significant advancements in endoscopy technology. As it provides a less invasive patient care treatment, the increasing use of endoscopic procedures is resulting in a higher demand for qualified endoscopy technicians.

An endoscope is an inspection instrument composed of

  • a flexible tube,
  • image sensor,
  • optical lens,
  • light source,
  • mechanical device,

which is used to look deep into the body by way of openings such as the mouth or anus.

It is used to examine the internal organs like the throat or esophagus. Specialized instruments are named after their target organ. Examples include the cystoscope (bladder), nephroscope (kidney), bronchoscope (bronchus), arthroscope (joints) and colonoscope (colon), and laparoscope (abdomen or pelvis).

Advances in endoscopy technology:

Some advanced endoscopy procedures have emerged as a result of the new findings in computer science and robotics. Computer-controlled colonoscopes, for example, allow computer-assisted insertion and movement of the scope. The procedure is designed to help avoid loop formation in a minimally invasive way.

Looking ahead following topics are sure to drive endoscopy:

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI),
  • Robotic-assisted endoscopy and
  • reimbursement options
  • Infection prevention
  • new single-use endoscopes

The use of artificial intelligence in GI endoscopy moved to the top of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy’s Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Editorial Board’s top 10 most significant developments list. The board considers AI “poised to change endoscopy in the near future” while recognizing that barriers remain for full implementation, particularly cost.

AI and future improvements toward three-dimensional and 4K imaging in robotic endoscopy, as well as novel devices for suturing and dissecting, will spur significant advancements in endoscopic surgery. Computer-controlled colonoscopes allow computer-assisted insertion and movement of the scope. The procedure is designed to help avoid loop formation in a minimally invasive way.

Technology To Handle A Rising Caseload: e.g. it is predicted that the total number of cancer cases in the U.S. will increase by nearly 50 percent by 2050 as a result of population growth and aging. That will create a greater need for new diagnostic technologies in the field of pathology.

Developments in robotic-assisted endoscopy: may provide further options in patients who cannot tolerate conventional endoscopy.

Self propelled colonoscope is currently being developed. It is designed to enhance visualization and minimize the risks of complications. This robotic tool provides a 360° view and also guarantees a less painful overall procedure. In addition, various software tools allow digital recordings of endoscopy procedures as well as higher quality images. Technology has a strong impact on healthcare as it continues to improve and upgrade standard procedures. We believe there are even more tools and techniques yet to be developed.

Advances in Endoscopic Imaging:  High-resolution spatial imaging using volumetric holographics providing information beyond the superficial mucosa, along with the possibility of functional tissue hypoxia imaging. Images improve across all digital devices, endoscopic imagining is constantly improving to provide a higher definition picture. Such an example is the Narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscope. It uses a special filter to help create more contrast between vessels and the mucosa and thus provide a more detailed and clear picture. 

Recasting the Reimbursement Landscape: Reimbursement changes will also impact flexible endoscopy and how it’s practiced.

Single-use devices: Single-use endoscopes grabbed the spotlight this year and a transition to partially or fully disposable duodenoscopes to use single-use bronchoscopes when there is increased risk of infection or when treating COVID-19 patients.

Reprocessed urological endoscopes also are under scrutiny as the FDA investigates “numerous” medical device reports describing patient infections and other contamination issues possibly associated with their use.

Endoscopes also won media attention when 45 became the new 50 for colorectal cancer screening due to the rise of colorectal cancer cases among young and middle-aged people.

Colorectal cancer — America’s second-deadliest cancer — is considered a preventable disease because of the effectiveness of early detection and removal of precancerous lesions with colonoscopy.

New Techniques in Endoscopy Technology

Capsule Endoscopy: Since endoscopy technology is constantly advancing, there are newer generations of endoscopes that come into use. One of them – capsule endoscopy – is a revolutionary method that carries fewer risks and doesn’t cause as much discomfort. The patient swallows a small pill that has a tiny camera inside. It works with wireless technology that allows taking pictures of many inside organs for approximately 8 hours that are later reviewed by the doctor. 

Chromoendoscopy: This technique involves using a specialized stain or dye in conjunction with endoscopy in order to improve the visualization of the intestinal lining. It helps doctors and technicians to notice abnormalities more easily.  

Endoscopic Ultrasound: Endoscopic ultrasound is another minimally invasive procedure for screening organs and tissues that are usually not visible or accessible during a standard endoscopy. To perform it, professionals use an endoscope with an ultrasound probe attached to it. 

Endoscopic Mucosal Resection: EMR is a very useful technique that allows physicians to remove abnormal tissues in the patient’s digestive tract. To perform the procedure, they inject fluid into the layer of cells below the abnormal area. 

CT Colonography: Computed tomography (CT) colonography is also called virtual colonoscopy. This procedure uses special x-ray equipment to examine the large bowel (colon) and back passage (rectum) for cancer, polyps, and other abnormalities. The test is normally carried out by a radiographer or specialist doctor (radiologist).

Increased Demand for Endoscopy Techs

Gastroenterology technicians are among the allied healthcare professionals in high demand. This is due to the increasing demand for endoscopy services across people of all ages. Entering into the field will not only give you a stable occupation but also open up new professional opportunities you can pursue in the future.

To enter into the endoscopy field, one can start with an endoscopy tech certificate program and acquire more practical experience learning about endoscopy technology on the go.

Staying on top of the technology trends and innovation is key for every endo technician. That is why being genuinely passionate about technology would be valuable to your job satisfaction and potential career advancement.

Market & Segmentation:

By Product

  • Endoscopic closure systems
  • Endoscopic clips
  • Others

By End-user

  • Hospitals
  • Ambulatory surgery centres
  • Others like private practices

By Geographical Landscape

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia
  • Rest of World (ROW)

According Statista, the Endoscopic Devices market market worldwide is anticipated to achieve a revenue of US$30.25bn by 2024. It is projected to witness a steady annual growth rate (CAGR 2024-2029) of 7.17%, leading to a market volume of US$42.77bn by 2029.

When compared globally, the United States is expected to generate the highest revenue of US$10,390.00m in 2024.

In the worldwide market for Endoscopic Devices in the Medical Technology sector, the United States remains at the forefront of innovation and adoption due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure and high investment in research and development.

Conclusion:

Growing demand for minimally invasive surgery, new innovations that offer a wider scope of endoscopy applications.

Significant benefits of workflow and efficiency and rapid technological advancements that make single-use more competitive relative to reusable.

As well an increase in the obese population who prefer bariatric surgery for weight reduction are among the factors driving growth in the endoscopy market.

Here more details in the articles of single use endoscopy and aimseducation:

https://singleuseendoscopy.com/here-are-the-flexible-endoscopy-trends-to-watch-in-2022#:~:text=Looking%20ahead%20to%202022%2C%20artificial,endoscopes%20are%20poised%20to%20debut.

https://aimseducation.edu/blog/endoscopy-technology-and-endoscopy-techs#:~:text=Some%20advanced%20endoscopy%20procedures%20have,in%20a%20minimally%20invasive%20way.

Thaumatec HealthTech Industry Update | AIoT – Artificial Intelligence in IoT

Enhancing Accuracy, Connectivity and Efficiency in a wide range of industries

AI can bring human-like decision-making and awareness to the IoT environment, which can lead to increased efficiency and improved processes. For example, AI can help in predictive maintenance of machines, which can save companies millions of dollars in repair costs. It can also help in optimizing energy consumption in buildings, which can reduce energy bills and carbon footprint.

AI is becoming increasingly important in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem because it can help to extract insights from the vast amounts of data generated by connected devices. AI can enable IoT devices to learn from their environment and make decisions based on that learning, without human intervention.

AI key advantages

One of the key advantages of AI in IoT is that it can help to automate processes and improve efficiency. For instance, AI can predict machine failures, enabling proactive maintenance actions. This can help to reduce downtime and improve overall productivity.

AI can also help to improve the accuracy of data analysis in IoT. By using machine learning algorithms, AI can identify patterns in data that would be difficult for humans to detect. This can help to identify trends and anomalies, enabling businesses to make more informed decisions.

There are several different types of AI:  

By enabling machines to learn from their environment and make decisions based on that learning.

  • Machine Learning
  • Deep Learning
  • Reinforcement Learning

Internet of Things key advantages

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. The main purpose is to enable the collection data processing and analysis of large amounts of data from various sources to provide insights and improve decision-making.

IoT devices can sense and monitor various environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure, and can also track and analyse human behaviour, movement, and interactions with the environment.

One of the key benefits of IoT is its ability to automate processes and reduce human intervention.

IoT applications can be built from devices that sense real-world conditions and then trigger actions to respond in some way. Often, the response includes steps that influence the real world.

Physical objects are embedded with sensors and actuators that receive signals from sensors and then do something in response to those changes.

To function effectively, IoT devices need to be connected to a network that can transmit data between them and to other systems. This can be done using various wireless and wired communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and cellular networks. The data collected by IoT devices can then be stored and processed using cloud computing and big data analytics technologies to derive insights and enable smarter decision-making.

AI and IoT key advantages

One of the main benefits of combining AI and IoT is predictive maintenance. IoT devices can collect large amounts of data from machines and equipment, which can then be analysed by AI algorithms to predict when maintenance is needed. This can help prevent downtime and reduce repair costs.

Another area where AI and IoT intersect is in the field of smart homes. IoT devices such as smart thermostats, lighting systems, and security cameras can be controlled by AI algorithms to optimize energy usage and enhance security.

AI and IoT also have the potential to improve healthcare. IoT devices such as wearables and medical sensors can collect data on a patient’s health, which can then be analysed by AI algorithms to detect early signs of disease or monitor chronic conditions. This can lead to earlier diagnosis and better treatment outcomes.

Summary & Examples
  1. Improved Efficiency

AI-powered IoT devices can automate routine tasks and processes, enabling businesses to operate more efficiently. For example, smart factories can use AI to optimise production lines, reducing waste and improving productivity. Similarly, smart homes can use AI to learn the behaviour of occupants and automatically adjust settings to maximise energy efficiency.

  • Enhanced Decision-Making

AI can process vast amounts of data from IoT devices, providing valuable insights and enabling better decision-making. For example, in healthcare, AI can analyse patient data from wearable devices to identify potential health issues before they become serious. In agriculture, AI can analyse data from sensors to optimise crop yields.

  • Increased Safety and Security

AI can enhance safety and security in a variety of contexts. For example, in smart cities, AI can analyse data from traffic sensors and cameras to optimise traffic flow and reduce accidents. In industrial settings, AI can monitor equipment and detect potential safety issues before they become serious. Similarly, in cybersecurity, AI can analyse network traffic and identify potential threats.

  • Personalisation

AI can enable highly personalised experiences for users of IoT devices. For example, in retail, AI can analyse customer data to provide personalised recommendations and offers. Similarly, in healthcare, AI can analyse patient data to provide personalised treatment plans.

.

Challenges in Integrating AI with IoT

Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT) presents several challenges that must be addressed for successful implementation.

Despite the potential benefits, integrating AI with IoT is not without its challenges. One of the biggest challenges is the sheer volume of data that is generated by IoT devices. AI algorithms require large amounts of data to learn and make accurate predictions. Another challenge is the security of IoT devices, which can be vulnerable to cyber-attacks.

Here are some of the major challenges:
  1. Data Management

One of the main challenges of integrating AI with IoT is managing the vast amount of data generated by IoT devices. IoT devices generate a huge amount of data, and AI algorithms require large amounts of data to train and improve their accuracy. Therefore, managing and storing this data in a way that is easily accessible to AI algorithms is crucial.

  • Security

Security is another major challenge in integrating AI with IoT. IoT devices are often deployed in unsecured environments, making them vulnerable to cyber-attacks. AI algorithms that are used to process the data generated by IoT devices must also be secured against attacks. Therefore, implementing robust security measures is critical to ensure the integrity of the data and the system.

  • Interoperability

IoT devices are often developed by different manufacturers, using different protocols and standards. This can make it difficult to integrate these devices with AI algorithms. Interoperability issues can prevent data from being shared between devices, limiting the effectiveness of AI algorithms. Therefore, developing common standards and protocols for IoT devices is essential for successful integration with AI.

  • Power Consumption

IoT devices are often battery-powered, making power consumption a critical factor in their design. AI algorithms can be computationally intensive, requiring significant amounts of power to run. Therefore, developing energy-efficient AI algorithms that can run on low-power devices is an important consideration for integrating AI with IoT.

  • Cost

The cost of implementing AI with IoT can be prohibitive, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. The hardware and software required to implement AI algorithms can be expensive, and the cost of implementing security measures can also be significant. Therefore, finding cost-effective solutions is crucial for successful integration of AI with IoT.

Applications examples of AI in IoT
  1. Smart Homes

Smart homes are becoming increasingly popular, and AI plays a crucial role in their development. AI-powered smart devices that can learn from the user’s behaviour and preferences, adjusting the temperature, lighting, and other settings to suit their needs. For instance, a smart thermostat can learn when a homeowner is likely to be at home and adjust the temperature, accordingly, saving energy and reducing costs.

  • Predictive Maintenance

AI can help to predict when machines and equipment are likely to fail, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. By analysing data from IoT sensors, AI algorithms can identify patterns and anomalies that indicate potential issues. This enables businesses to take proactive measures to prevent failures before they occur.

  • Healthcare

AI-powered IoT devices are transforming the healthcare industry, making it easier to monitor patients remotely and provide personalised care. Wearable medical devices can track vital signs and send alerts to healthcare providers if there are any concerns. AI algorithms can analyse this data to identify patterns and predict potential health issues before they become serious.

  • Smart Cities

AI-powered IoT devices are helping to create smarter, more efficient cities. For instance, self-driving cars, sensors can monitor traffic flow and adjust traffic lights to reduce congestion. Smart waste management systems can optimise collection routes, reducing costs and improving efficiency.

  • Agriculture

AI-powered IoT devices are helping farmers to improve crop yields and reduce waste. Sensors can monitor soil moisture levels, temperature, and other factors, enabling farmers to optimise irrigation and fertiliser use. AI algorithms can analyse this data to identify patterns and predict potential issues, such as pests or disease outbreaks.

Future Perspectives of AI in IoT

As the number of IoT devices and sensors continues to grow, the role of AI in IoT is becoming increasingly important. AI can provide valuable insights into the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices, enabling businesses to make more informed decisions and improve their operations.

  • Predictive maintenance

By analysing data from sensors on machines and equipment, AI algorithms can identify potential problems before they occur, allowing maintenance teams to take proactive measures to prevent downtime and reduce costs.

  • Energy efficiency

By analysing data on energy usage patterns, AI algorithms can identify opportunities to reduce consumption and optimise energy usage, leading to significant cost savings for businesses and reduced carbon emissions.

  • Safety in industrial settings

By analysing data from sensors on equipment and machinery, AI algorithms can detect anomalies that may indicate a safety hazard, allowing workers to take corrective action before an accident occurs.

Conclusion

Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has brought and will bring significant benefits to various industries.

AI technologies such as decision trees, linear regression, machine learning, support vector machines, and neural networks have been used in IoT cybersecurity applications to identify threats and potential attacks.

IoT initiatives involve ai capabilities and solutions that rely on sensor deployments and associated datasets. The centrality of data is at the foundation of IoT ecosystems. The Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) has also emerged because of the integration of AI and IoT technologies.

Introducing AI into IoT applications has created significant opportunities for innovations in automation and asset tracking domains. Companies and labour-intensive corporations are investing in autonomous working environments with less human interaction, and the demand for AI and context-aware systems has drastically increased.

In the future, we can expect to see AI and artificial intelligence of things IoT continue to converge, leading to the development of new applications and services that we can’t even imagine today.

As AI algorithms become more sophisticated and IoT devices become more ubiquitous, the potential for innovation is virtually limitless.

Here the related Article by deviceauthority:

https://deviceauthority.com/artificial-intelligence-in-iot-enhancing-connectivity-and-efficiency/#:~:text=AI%20can%20be%20used%20to,and%20improving%20overall%20network%20performance

Thaumatec HealthTech Industry Update | Overview and Thaumatec Blogpost Collection of Smart Medical Devices and Wearables in HealthTech

The market for medical device technology has grown immensely with an expected global revenue of $595 billion in 2024 and a CAGR of 6.1% and is expected to reach USD 799.67 billion by 2030 growing at a compound annual growth rate of 5.9% throughout the forecast period, according to a Fortune Business Insights analysis.

The global healthcare/wearable medical device market is projected to reach USD 192.14 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 15.8% from 2023-2030.

Medical Devices

A medical device is an instrument, apparatus, implant, machine, tool, in vitro reagent, or similar

article that is to:

  • diagnose
  • prevent
  • mitigate
  • treat
  • cure


disease or other conditions, and, unlike a pharmaceutical or biologic, achieves its purpose by physical, structural, or mechanical action but not through chemical or metabolic action within or on the body.

Advances of Medical Devices Disease Areas:

The medical technology industry is continually advancing and developing new innovations that improve the health and well-being of patients worldwide:

  • Antibiotic Resistance
  • Cancer
  • Cataracts
  • Pain
  • Diabetes
  • Heart Disease
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Infectious Disease
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Quality of Life
  • Wound Care
  • Healthcare-Associated Infections

Medical Wearables

Wearable technology has commonalities. It must be:

  • Worn on the body
  • Controllable by the user
  • Enhance the user’s experience

Today, wearable technology is more integrated with us than ever; it can either capture data, present data, or do both.


While we are most familiar with fitness trackers that we wear on the wrist (e.g. the Fitbit), wearable devices can range from smart rings, smart clothing, smart glasses (that measure vision performance) and smart ECGs (monitors heart activity).

Health Benefits of Wearable Technology:

  • Encourages proactive health
  • Keeps patients engaged
  • Performs many functions
  • Benefits healthcare providers and employers
  • Monitors vulnerable patients
  • Real-time data collection
  • Continuous monitoring
  • Predict and alert
  • Empowers patients

Despite numerous advantages, wearables come with a specific set of challenges and a few being Big Data and Artificial Intelligence.

Big Data in the Wearable Market
What can these massive amounts of data do?
In terms of healthcare, it could range from improved electronic medical records to enhanced quality of life and better patient care and experience, to predicting specific epidemics.
There is a challenge to process massive amounts of data (volume) from an integrated pool of multiple databases (variety) and ingest and return analytic computations at high speed (velocity) and with high precision (veracity). [source: The promise of big data: Improving patient safety]
Shifting to an integrated data environment is complicated.
Working in healthcare organizations with complex information technology and networks with multiple clinical, financial, and claims systems that must be integrated, set the stage for the big data challenge.

Artificial Intelligence Obstacles in the Wearable Market
As noted, wearable devices are not a new phenomenon. However, with the addition of artificial intelligence (AI) (giving them substantial capabilities) comes fear.
Despite the benefits, the fear surrounding more intelligent solutions can often be a controversial topic. With AI comes the fear of job replacement, less human interaction, and data privacy.
CHT (Compliant Healthcare Technologies), provides technology solutions for medical gas, highlights a quick side-by-side comparison of the pros and cons of AI in healthcare.

Rise of Hidden Wearables
State of the art in wearable technology is not worn on the wrist. It’s attached to the skin – or perhaps even embedded inside the body – while delivering data ranging from the wearer’s heart rate to the frequency of tremors.
The next step for “Invisibles” involves embedded technology.
That means sensor-based devices inserted under the skin or inside a part of the body—say, implanted into a patient’s pulmonary artery.
Move Over Wearables, Make Way for Invisibles

Here the THAUMATEC blog posts collection about Medical Smart Devices and Wearables:

Conclusion:

Medical device technology companies play a pivotal role in diagnosing and providing quality treatment options for patients, improving outcomes, lowering health care costs and promoting economic growth.
Medical device firms worldwide, including start-up companies, providing a wide range of innovative products and services for medical device technologies.

Companies, most with fewer than 100 employees, are in the highly competitive business of creating constant progress through constant innovation.

Here a related Article by TTeletronics:
https://www.ttelectronics.com/blog/medical-wearables/

Thaumatec Industry Update | Advances in Stretchable microelectronics for wearables and implants

Stanford researchers have developed soft integrated circuits that are powerful enough to drive a microLED screen and small enough to pack thousands of sensors into a single square centimetre.

Small wearable or implantable electronic components could help monitor our health, diagnose diseases and create opportunities for improved autonomous treatments. To achieve this without hurting or damaging the cells around them, these electronics must not only bend and stretch with our tissues, but also be soft enough to not scratch and damage the tissue.

The Research

Researchers at Stanford have been working on skin-like, stretchable electronic devices for over a decade. Now, in a report published in Nature, they present a new design and manufacturing process for skin-like integrated circuits that are five times smaller and operate at a thousand times faster speeds than previous versions.

The researchers showed that their soft integrated circuits are now capable of driving a micro-LED screen or detecting a Braille panel, with the ICs more sensitive than human fingertips.

It was a significant leap forward. For the first time, stretchable integrated circuits are now small enough and fast enough for many applications.

This will make wearable sensors and implantable nerve and intestinal probes more sensitive, able to power more sensors and potentially use less power.

2,500 sensors and transistors in one square centimetre

At the heart of the circuits are stretchable transistors made of semiconducting carbon nanotubes and soft-elastic electronic materials developed in Bao’s lab. Unlike silicon, which is hard and brittle, the carbon nanotubes have a fishnet-like structure between the elastic materials that allows them to continue functioning even when stretched and deformed. The transistors and circuits are deposited onto a stretchable substrate along with stretchable semiconductors, conductors and dielectric materials.

There was not only to develop new materials, but also the circuit design and manufacturing process for the circuits.

Many layers stacked on top of each other.

In a demonstration of their new stretchable electronics design, the researchers managed to fit more than 2,500 sensors and transistors into one square centimetre, creating a tactile active matrix that is more than ten times more sensitive than human fingertips.

Results

The researchers showed that the sensor array can detect the location and orientation of tiny shapes or recognize entire words in Braille.

With such high resolution, you could capture an entire word, or possibly an entire sentence, with just one touch.

The researchers also used their stretchable circuits to drive a micro-LED display with a refresh rate of 60 Hz, which is the typical refresh rate of a computer or television screen.

Previous versions of the stretchable circuits were not fast enough at small dimensions to generate enough current to achieve this.

Conclusion

This performance improvements open up many new possibilities. Preliminary results show that a transistor can be used to drive commercial displays, such as those used in computer monitors.

For biomedical applications, a high-density, soft and adaptable sensor array could allow to detect signals from the human body, for example from the brain and muscles, at large scale and fine resolution. This could lead to next-generation brain-machine interfaces that are both powerful and biocompatible.

Here the full article by DeviceMed:

https://www.devicemed.de/dehnbare-mikro-elektronik-fuer-wearables-und-implantate-a-9f29a2e26b309b21b496f3a9ed918372

HealthTech Industry Update | 20 innovations in dentistry that will shape the future

Visiting the dentist is something that many people dread. From the uncomfortable chairs to the sharp instruments, it’s no wonder why dental visits often rank low on people’s list of favorite activities. But what if I told you that innovations in dentistry are making dental visits more comfortable and efficient than ever before?

One of the biggest complaints about dental visits is the discomfort that comes with many procedures. From drilling to scaling, many dental procedures can be uncomfortable or even painful for some patients.

New dental treatments are transforming the field of dentistry

From digital dentistry to laser technology, new innovations in dentistry are making dental procedures more comfortable and efficient than ever before. For example, dental lasers can now be used for procedures like cavity removal and gum reshaping, making them less invasive and more precise.

Additionally, digital dentistry tools like digital impressions and CAD/CAM technology are streamlining procedures like crown and bridge placements, reducing the amount of time patients need to spend in the dentist’s chair.

One specific innovation in dentistry that we focus on is ofcourse Happynecks. Happynecks is a dental cushion designed to provide maximum comfort and support to patients during dental procedures.

Happynecks is made with high-quality foam and covered in soft vinyl, Happynecks molds to the shape of the patient’s neck, providing optimal support and reducing the risk of neck strain.

Our innovative product is already being used by dentists across 40 countries worldwide and is quickly becoming a staple in many dental offices.

Here listed 20 oral care innovations that will shape the future of dentistry.

Digital Dentistry: The use of digital technology in dentistry has revolutionized the way dentists work. It includes tools such as digital impressions, CAD/CAM, and computer-guided implant surgery.

3D Printing: 3D printing has been a game-changer in dentistry, enabling the creation of custom dental appliances and prosthetics quickly and with high precision.

Laser Dentistry: Laser technology has allowed for less invasive and more precise procedures, such as gum reshaping and cavity removal.

Teledentistry: Telecommunication technology has made it possible for dentists to remotely diagnose and treat patients through virtual consultations.

Dental Implant Innovations: Innovative dental implants have advanced significantly, with improvements in materials, techniques, and implant designs.

AI in Dentistry: Artificial intelligence is being used to improve diagnoses, treatment plans, and patient outcomes.

Intraoral Cameras: Intraoral cameras allow for detailed and accurate imaging of the mouth, making it easier for dentists to diagnose and treat dental issues.

CAD/CAM: Computer-aided design and manufacturing have made it possible to create custom dental restorations in a matter of hours.

Digital X-rays: Digital X-rays are faster, safer, and more efficient than traditional X-rays, while providing better image quality.

Dental Microscopes: Dental microscopes enable dentists to see more clearly and perform more precise procedures, such as root canal treatments.

Dental Sealants: Dental sealants are a protective coating applied to teeth to prevent decay, and they have improved significantly in recent years.

Tooth-Colored Fillings: Tooth-colored fillings blend seamlessly with natural teeth, providing a more aesthetically pleasing alternative to traditional metal fillings.

Happynecks: Happynecks is an innovative dental cushion designed to provide maximum comfort and support to patients and dentists ergonomics during dental procedures. A Happynecks® headrest provides maximum support from the entire neck to the upper back for optimal comfort and relaxation during treatment.

Smart Toothbrushes: Smart toothbrushes use technology to track brushing habits and provide personalized feedback to users, improving dental hygiene

Invisalign: Invisalign is a clear aligner system that has revolutionized orthodontics, providing a more discreet and comfortable alternative to traditional braces.

Cone Beam CT Scans: Cone Beam CT scans provide detailed 3D imaging of the mouth, allowing for more accurate diagnoses and treatment planning.

Dental Veneers: Dental veneers are thin shells of porcelain or composite material that are bonded to the front of teeth to improve their appearance.

Guided Implant Surgery: Guided implant surgery uses computer-guided technology to precisely place dental implants for better outcomes.

Ozone Therapy: Ozone therapy is a natural and non-invasive treatment that can help prevent and treat dental issues such as cavities and gum disease.

Teeth Whitening: Teeth whitening has become more effective and accessible with advances in technology, such as laser whitening and at-home whitening kits.

Conclusion: Dental innovations are changing the way people think about dental visits ?

In conclusion, innovations in dentistry are changing the way people think about dental visits. With new technologies and products, dental procedures are becoming more comfortable, efficient, and less intimidating for patients. Additionally some innovations are a great solution to dentist’s pain due to incorrect ergonomic posture.

If you have been avoiding the dentist due to discomfort or time constraints, now is the perfect time to schedule an appointment and experience the benefits of these exciting innovations for yourself.

Here the full article by happynecks:

https://happynecks.com/blogs/innovations/innovations-in-dentistry

HealthTech Industry Update | 3D medical device manufacturing

Ricoh 3D for Healthcare produces patient-specific anatomic models via additive manufacturing, using segmented 3D print files created from medical images in FDA-cleared applications.

Standard compliant 3D printed anatomic models

Ricoh USA has announced in 2023 at the RSNA Assembly and Annual Meeting, a partnership with Materialise that will provide software solutions to support RICOH 3D for Healthcare – a HIPAA-compliant, ISO 13485 certified 3D medical manufacturing centre for the development, design and production of 3D-printed anatomic models – in both their centralised medical device manufacturing facility, as well as in Ricoh’s Point of Care facilities.

  • Through the partnership, Ricoh will be able to drive more personalised healthcare solutions and make it simple to create or expand on-site point-of-care centres.
  • With an uptick in 3D printing, hospitals are either now seeking to enter the market by establishing point-of-care centres onsite or scaling existing offerings.
  • A main driver of either option is co-located management of facilities and production through partners such as Ricoh with technologies like those from Materialise.
  • It is important for care providers to recognise that when these 3D-printed models and other instruments are used for patient care, they may be considered medical devices, subject to FDA regulation.
  • With RICOH 3D for Healthcare, hospitals can adopt or advance point-of-care manufacturing without the need to become an FDA registered medical device manufacturer, implement a quality management system, navigate regulatory requirements, or tackle the administrative aspects to support it all with a multidisciplinary team.

Ricoh offer democratised access to patient-specific 3D-printed models in healthcare:

  • Merge by Merative: Through an expanded partnership with Merge by Merative, hospitals and clinicians can access the RICOH 3D for Healthcare Platform via the new PACS Print Gateway.
  • The workflow will be initiated via a “Send to RICOH 3D” button that can be added to a variety of DICOM viewers. This will initiate the transfer of the appropriate DICOM study to a cloud-based vendor neutral archive. It will also activate the RICOH 3D for Healthcare Case Management Portal to manage the case in conjunction with the clinical team.
  • Stratasys: RICOH 3D for Healthcare engages in a strategic collaboration with Stratasys to leverage their 3D printing technology to expand access to 3D-printed medical models.

More info: https://www.med-technews.com/news/medtech-materials-and-assembly-news/ricoh-usa-and-materialise-partner-on-3d-printed-anatomic-mod/

3D medical device manufacturing facility

Ricoh USA, Inc. has recently announced its flagship Point of Care 3D medical device manufacturing facility – the RICOH 3D for Healthcare Innovation Studio.

Through its mission to innovate and improve clinical outcomes and quality of life, Ricoh says the on-site Innovation Studio provides clinicians with easy and immediate access to development, design, and manufacturing services for patient-specific, 3D-printed anatomic models, which can be used for surgical planning and patient education.

Located in Innovation Quarter, in downtown Winston-Salem, N.C., it is the first of many Point of Care 3D medical device manufacturing facilities that will be connected to a health system.

FDA-cleared applications

These models are used for diagnostic purposes in various medical fields, including craniomaxillofacial, orthopedic, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and breast applications.

With the ability to manage 3D-print operations at the point of care, the RICOH 3D for Healthcare Innovation Studio gives providers access to a streamlined and efficient solution for producing and obtaining these models. The new facility enables Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist and Wake Forest University School of Medicine to create a Medical 3D Printing Center of Excellence, in collaboration with Wake Forest Innovations and Innovation Quarter.

In patient care, access to precision, anatomic 3D models from on-site facilities like the RICOH 3D for Healthcare Innovation Studio allows clinical teams to plan and provide timely and informed care plans. It may also lead to:

  • Reduced operating times – Surgeons using 3D-printed anatomic models saw an average operation time savings of 62 minutes and a 7.8% reduction in operative time
  • Redefined surgical approaches – 50% of surgeons redefined their surgical approach when a 3D model was used during the planning stage
  • Lowered costs – When used for diagnostic purposes, providers saw an average cost savings of $3,720 per case
  • Educational opportunities – 3D-printed models offer cadaver-free training, clearer communication, and education for patients when discussing informed consent
  • Enhanced diagnostic support – Having accurate insights into a patient’s anatomy beforehand allows clinicians to better evaluate and understand complex conditions to effectively prepare a more informed approach to procedures and care
  • Decreased compliance concerns – With an on-site Point of Care 3D medical device manufacturing facility, regulatory and legal compliance requirements are met due to Ricoh’s award-winning Managed Services platform, 3D-printing expertise and FDA 510(k)-cleared anatomic models

For further information have a look on the full article(s) by  MED-TECH INNOVATION | NEWS:

https://www.med-technews.com/news/latest-medtech-news/ricoh-launches-flagship-3d-medical-device-manufacturing-facility

Thaumatec HealthTech Industry Update | Hospitals need Patient Trust in GenAI

Hospitals need to start thinking about ways to build patients’ trust in generative AI in order for the healthcare industry to fully harness the technology’s potential. They can do this through methods like having transparent conversations, asking for patients’ consent to use the tools and training models on internal data, experts said.

Hospitals can build greater patient trust in generative AI models — through methods like having transparent conversations, asking for patients’ consent to use the tools and training models on internal data, said an AI expert at Deloitte and clinical leaders at health systems.

What do hospitals need to know about consumer attitudes toward generative AI?

Compared to Deloitte’s 2023 survey on consumers’ attitudes toward generative AI in healthcare, distrust in the technology has increased for all age groups — with the sharpest jumps occurring among Millennials and Baby Boomers. Millennials’ distrust in the information provided by generative AI rose from 21% to 30%, while Baby Boomers’ distrust rose from 24% to 32%.

Consumers have free reign to experiment with generative AI and use it in their daily lives, thanks to the availability of public models like OpenAI’s ChatGPT or Google’s Gemini. Many Americans have ended up receiving questionable or inaccurate information when using these models, and these experiences may be causing people to view the technology as unfit for use in healthcare settings.

Free, publicly available large language models aren’t trained on specific patient data and therefore aren’t always accurate when answering healthcare-related questions. A recent study found that ChatGPT misdiagnosed 83 out of 100 paediatric medical cases.

Ideally, hospitals should be training their generative AI models on their own patient data, using synthetic data or data from similar healthcare providers to fill in any gaps and it is recommended that hospitals educate their patients about how and why generative AI is being used at their organization — as well as pay attention to patients’ feedback.

If hospitals take the time to walk patients through the generative AI models they’re applying to patient care and what benefits these models are designed to deliver, patients can gain a true understanding that the AI isn’t there to replace their doctor, but rather augment the doctor’s abilities to provide better quality care.

Explaining the benefits

Americans’ understanding of technology differs greatly from person to person, and large portions of the population may not know exactly what the term AI refers to. Because of this, some patients might feel frightened when they initially hear that a non-human form of intelligence is being used in their care — but their feelings will most likely change once the technology is thoroughly explained to them.

In Muro’s view, generative AI can be thought of as a research partner. The technology uses data to produce content for clinicians, such as the draft of a clinical note, summary of patient records and or overview of medical research. Clinicians always have the final say in care decisions, so generative AI is by no means replacing their expertise. Instead, it is reducing the amount of mundane, data-oriented tasks clinicians have to complete so they can spend more time with patients. When having conversations with patients, providers must make sure that they understand this.

Providers should also be clear about the specific use cases to which they are applying generative AI, as explaining these use cases will give patients a better idea of how the technology might stand to benefit them.

For example, a doctor treating a patient may want to check how patients with similar symptoms and profiles were cared for in the past. Instead of digging through records and filtering them, the clinicians can ask a generative AI tool a simple question and get started on the process of devising a care plan for their patient much sooner, Muro explained.

Relationships are at the heart of trust

Providers need to take the time to explain how AI is being used to enhance care. These conversations are most meaningful when they happen directly between a patient and their care team.

Strong provider-patient relationships are key to building trust in the healthcare world, Runnels pointed out. Patients are more likely to understand and accept the benefits of generative AI tools when they are explained by a provider who they know and are comfortable with.

It should be the care team’s responsibility to inform patients about generative AI use cases.

For instance, AHN is preparing to roll out an inpatient virtual nursing program that involves generative AI. When the program is launched, AHN’s nurses will be trained on how to carefully explain the new technology-enabled care model to patients.

The nurses’ training will prepare them to communicate that they are still present and active members of the patient’s care team, Barad explained. He said the central message of these conversations should let patients know that nurses aren’t being replaced, but rather given tools to help them better care for patients.

Emphasize data protections and ask for consent

Another important way to build consumers’ trust in generative AI is to be transparent about the data these models are trained on.

AHN recently rolled out a new generative AI tool called Sidekick, which can be thought of as the health system’s own version of ChatGPT. The tool is available to all of AHN’s 22,000 employees, as well as all 44,000 employees employed by its parent company Highmark Health. It was trained solely on AHN’s and Highmark’s own data, Barad noted.

The fact that AHN and Highmark jointly developed their own tool using data specific to their patient populations should make people feel much more comfortable than if AHN were to use an AI tool trained on general data, he explained.

Some generative AI use cases may require express consent from the patient before deployed. Ambient listening tools during a physician-patient visit are a key example of this.

These tools — made by companies such as Nuance, DeepScribe and Abridge — listen to and record patient-provider interactions so they can automatically generate a draft of a clinical note. Like many other health systems across the country, AHN is using ambient documentation technology and asking patients for their consent before each visit, Barad said.

When talking to patients about these AI models, clinicians explain that the tools are designed to prevent them from having to type throughout the entire visit, therefore giving them more time to maintain eye-contact with patients and be present.

The industry may need to collaborate to establish patient education standards

AHN’s neighbour health system, UPMC, is also using ambient documentation technology and requires verbal consent before the tool is deployed during an appointment. This is a use case that clearly necessitates patient consent since they are being recorded. But there is no industry standard.

For example, Deloitte’s report suggested that in coming years, hospitals may start putting disclaimers on clinical recommendations that were produced with the assistance of generative AI. There is no industry standard to let hospitals know when that is necessary and when it’s not, Bart pointed out.

Conclusion

The healthcare industry may need to start establishing standardized protocols for patient education around generative AI use sooner rather than later — because utilization of this technology is only going to grow.

Artificial intelligence-enabled physician will be better able to make the best decisions for patients than those who are naive to artificial intelligence in the future.

Nurses’ and doctors’ training, explain how AI is being used to enhance care, transparent about the data, to be clear about the specific use cases and a  transparent conversation can help to create trust and acceptance.

You like to read more about, please have a look at the full article from MedCityNews: https://medcitynews.com/2024/06/generative-ai-trust-healthcare/

Thaumatec Knowledge Guide | What is the European Health Data Space (EHDS)?

The aim of the EHDS is to make it easier to access and exchange health data across borders, both to support healthcare delivery (‘primary use of data’) and inform health research and policy-making (re-use of data, also referred to as ‘secondary use of data’).

The European Health Data Space (EHDS) will be a key pillar of the strong European Health Union and is the first common EU data space in a specific area to emerge from the European strategy for data. In spring 2024, the European Parliament and the Council reached a political agreement on the Commission proposal for the EHDS.

The EHDS will:

  1. Empower individuals to take control of their health data and facilitate the exchange of data for the delivery of healthcare across the EU (primary use of data)
  2. foster a genuine single market for electronic health record systems
  3. provide a consistent, trustworthy, and efficient system for reusing health data for research, innovation, policy-making, and regulatory activities (secondary use of data)

The EHDS will enable the EU to fully benefit from the potential offered by a safe and secure exchange, use and reuse of health data to benefit patients, researchers, innovators, and regulators.

Trust is a fundamental enabler for the success of the European Health Data Space. EHDS will provide a trustworthy setting for secure access to and processing a wide range of health data.

As horizontal frameworks, they provide rules that apply to the health sector. However, the European Health Data Space will provide specific sectoral rules, considering the sensitivity of health data.

The EHDS will also include opt-out rules for:

  • Primary use, Member States can offer a complete opt-out from the infrastructures to be built under the EHDS;
  • Secondary use, the text includes rules on opting out that build a good balance between respecting patients’ wishes and ensuring that the right data is available to the right people for the public interest.

Building the European Health Data Space will require significant development work.

Commission supports these efforts by co-financing projects such as:

  • the HealthData@EU pilot project
  • the Xt-EHR Joint Action, providing direct grants to Member States
  • building on existing infrastructures

Here some more information provided by the European Commission:

https://health.ec.europa.eu/ehealth-digital-health-and-care/european-health-data-space_en#more-information

https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/QANDA_24_2251

https://health.ec.europa.eu/publications/factsheet-european-health-data-space_en

And a related article:

https://www.euractiv.com/topics/ehds

THAUMATEC KNOWLEDGE GUIDE | How does Vagus Nerve Stimulation work?

The vagus nerve is one of 12 pairs of cranial nerves that originate in the brain and is part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions. The nerve passes through the neck as it travels between the chest and abdomen and the lower part of the brain. It is connected to motor functions in the voice box, diaphragm, stomach and heart and sensory functions in the ears and tongue. It is connected to both motor and sensory functions in the sinuses and esophagus.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)

VNS sends regular, mild pulses of electrical energy to the brain via the vagus nerve, through a device that is similar to a pacemaker.

There is no physical involvement of the brain in this surgery and patients cannot generally feel the pulses. It is important to keep in mind that VNS is a treatment option limited to select individuals with epilepsy or treatment-resistant depression.

Individuals with any of the following criteria may potentially be unsuitable candidates for VNS:

  • One vagus nerve
  • Receiving other concurrent forms of brain stimulation
  • Heart arrhythmias or other heart abnormalities
  • Dysautonomias (abnormal functioning of the autonomic nervous system)
  • Lung diseases or disorders (shortness of breath, asthma, etc.)
  • Ulcers (gastric, duodenal, etc.)
  • Vasovagal syncope (fainting)
  • Pre-existing hoarseness

VNS Implantation

This procedure, performed by a neurosurgeon, usually takes about 45-90 minutes with the patient most commonly under general anaesthesia. It is usually performed on an outpatient basis. As with all surgeries, there is a small risk of infection. Other surgical risks of VNS include inflammation or pain at the incision site, damage to nearby nerves and nerve constriction.

The procedure requires two small incisions.

  1. One is made on the upper left side of the chest where the pulse generator is implanted
  2. Second incision is made horizontally on the left side of the lower neck, along a crease of skin. This is where the thin, flexible wires that connect the pulse generator to the vagus nerve are inserted.

The device or implant

is a flat, round piece of metal that measures about an inch and a half (4 centimeters) across and 10-13 mm thick, depending on the model used (Pulse Generator, Figure 1). Newer models may be somewhat smaller.

The stimulator contains a battery, which can last from one to 15 years. When the battery is low, the stimulator is replaced with a less invasive procedure which requires only opening the chest wall incision.

The stimulator

is most commonly activated two to four weeks after implantation, although in some cases it may be activated in the operating room at the time of implantation. The treating neurologist programs the stimulator in his or her office with a small hand-held computer, programming software and a programming wand. The strength and duration of the electrical impulses are programmed.

Patients are provided with a handheld magnet

All maneuvers performed with the magnet can be done by the patient, family members, friends or caregivers.

Side effects are most commonly related to stimulation and usually improve over time.

Of these, hoarseness, coughing, throat tickling and shortness of breath are the most common and are usually temporary.

Patient Tips/Guidelines

If you have received VNS, you should monitor your condition and overall health closely. If any of the following occur, call your doctor right away:

  • Constantly hoarse voice
  • Stimulation which becomes painful or irregular
  • Stimulation which causes choking, breathing or swallowing difficulties or a change in heart rate
  • Changes in your level of consciousness, such as increased drowsiness
  • Signs that the pulse generator may not be stimulating properly or that the battery is depleted (the device stops working)
  • Any new or unusual changes related specifically to the stimulation

In addition, you should call your physician before you undergo any medical tests that might affect, or be affected by VNS, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or before you have any other medical devices implanted.

Epilepsy

The goal of VNS is to reduce the number, length and severity of seizures. VNS may also reduce the time it takes to recover after a seizure. However, VNS is not successful in all patients. The success of this treatment differs — some patients report less frequent seizures, others report a slight reduction, while some patients do not respond at all.

Treatment-Resistant Depression

Soon after VNS was approved by the FDA as a seizure treatment, reports indicated a possible decrease in depression symptoms in patients who had the device implanted for seizure control. Like electroconvulsive therapy, VNS is believed to work by using electricity to influence the production of brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. Depression has been tied to an imbalance in those chemicals.

VNS should not be considered in patients presenting with any of the following:

  • Acute suicidal thoughts or behavior
  • History of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or delusional disorders
  • History of rapid cycling bipolar disorder

There is much controversy on the efficacy of VNS as a treatment for TRD and at this stage, more outcomes data is in progress. Currently, VNS is not a covered benefit of most insurers for TRD. However, depending on the results of pending studies it may once again reach the point of insurance coverage.

To get more insight please have a look into the article of AANS (American Association of Neurogical Surgeons):

https://www.aans.org/en/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Vagus-Nerve-Stimulation

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